laoliu1982 发表于 2013-9-1 09:24:26

转帖-可视化网络电表搭建攻略(基于arduino+w5100)

原文地址 :http://www.geek-workshop.com/thread-5649-1-1.html


×友情提示,修改电路前,一定要断开电源总开关×

你想象过看着家里的电器用电的样子吗?
你知道你每月那几天交的钱都去了哪里了吗?
你知道是什么东东在偷偷的用你的电吗?

如果你感兴趣,下面的文章适合你。

电,对于很多人来说是个很神秘,很危险,很神奇的东西。现在通过下面的攻略,你也可以拥有这样神奇的超能力,看到家里的电跑到哪里去了,是不是很想要?

====小广告====
你需要:
一个测电笔
一个十字口螺丝刀
一个平口螺丝刀
一把尖嘴钳
一个电量测量模块
一个通讯底板(我用的乐联网的E-KIT),你也可以使用任何一种arduino+w5100模块来搭建



====广告结束===

先看看效果图(据说近期会有新版的展示界面)
在线链接:
http://www.lewei50.com/home/gatewaystatus/1298



看到下面的锯齿状图形了吗?那就是你的冰箱在努力保持西瓜的新鲜。
几个用电高峰,是空调们在为主人降温。
用电量怎么总是高于0呢?那是你的无线路由器在保持家里的网络时刻畅通。

现在分步骤来实现它:
1断电
要断开家里空气开关的总闸,如果有室外的总闸,那就拉室外的总闸,保证家里是没有电的。
操作时严禁一只手碰火线,一只手碰零线。



2接线
打开家里的配电箱,找到总的进户的火线,拆开,把电量测量模块的圈圈套在这个火线上,专业术语是“互感器”。并把火线按照原来的位置接回去。


按照接线说明图,连接好测量模块、通讯模块和arduino。
3通电
如果你的操作正确,这时候推上你家的空气开关总闸,是不会有任何反应的。如果有问题,会跳闸。
4注册网站及设置对应传感器
http://www.lewei50.com/
注册及配置传感器过程不详细说明了。简单说下我的传感器的命名,你也可以有你自己的。



5刷代码
刷代码是为了从通讯模块里面把电量等数据读出来,并上传到乐联网上。

代码中使用了乐联网的类库,从这里下载:
http://www.github.com/lewei50/LeWeiClient/

实现代码:// LeWei AC Power Meter trail success2013.06.25
// LeWei AC Power Meter (ZongBiao60A)trail syccess 2013.06.30 18:50pm
// 4 Parameter: watt / kwh / Amp / Voltage / Pf

/* FIXME: not yet being used */
unsigned long interframe_delay = 2;/* Modbus t3.5 = 2 ms */

/*
* preset_multiple_registers: Modbus function 16. Write the data from an
* array into the holding registers of a slave.
* INPUTS
* slave: modbus slave id number
* start_addr: address of the slave's first register (+1)
* reg_count: number of consecutive registers to preset
* data: array of words (ints) with the data to write into the slave
* RETURNS: the number of bytes received as response on success, or
*         0 if no bytes received (i.e. response timeout)
*      -1 to -4 (modbus exception code)
*      -5 for other errors (port error, etc.).
*/

int preset_multiple_registers(int slave, int start_addr,
int reg_count, int *data);

/*
* read_holding_registers: Modbus function 3. Read the holding registers
* in a slave and put the data into an array
* INPUTS
* slave: modbus slave id number
* start_addr: address of the slave's first register (+1)
* count: number of consecutive registers to read
* dest: array of words (ints) on which the read data is to be stored
* dest_size: size of the array, which should be at least 'count'
* RETURNS: the number of bytes received as response on success, or
*         0 if no valid response received (i.e. response timeout, bad crc)
*      -1 to -4 (modbus exception code)
*      -5 for other errors (port error, etc.).
*/

int read_holding_registers(int slave, int start_addr, int count,
int *dest, int dest_size);


/*
   open.lewei50.comsensorclient
*/



#include
#include
#include

#define USERKEY          "Your API Key" // replace your key here
#define LW_GATEWAY       "Your Gateway No."

LeWeiClient *lwc;


unsigned long lastConnectionTime = 0;          // last time you connected to the server, in milliseconds
boolean lastConnected = false;               // state of the connection last time through the main loop
const unsigned long postingInterval = 30*1000; //delay between updates to cosm.com


int pin = 8;
unsigned long duration;
unsigned long starttime;
unsigned long sampletime_ms = 30000;
unsigned long lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
float ratio = 0;
double concentration = 0;

void setup() {

   // start serial port:
   Serial.begin(4800);
   pinMode(8,INPUT);

delay(10000);               
   
   lwc = new LeWeiClient(USERKEY, LW_GATEWAY);

   starttime = millis();
}
/* filter program : 20130521 */
#define FILTERLEN 10

unsigned long Array_Average( unsigned long* Array,int length)
{
    int x;
    unsigned long returnVal;
    unsigned long result=0;
    for(x=0;xsindex)
{
      sindex++;
      Serial.println(sindex);
      sfiterArray=lowpulse;
         Serial.println("filter1 END");
      return lowpulse;
}
else
{
      for(x=0;xappend("w", Watt);
      lwc->append("a", Amp);
      lwc->append("v", Voltage);
      lwc->append("pf", Pf);
//      lwc->append("06", Cabon);
      
   
      lwc->send();   
      delay(15000);
}

// this method makes a HTTP connection to the server:


/****************************************************************************
* BEGIN MODBUS RTU MASTER FUNCTIONS
****************************************************************************/

//#define TIMEOUT 1000          /* 1 second */
#define TIMEOUT 10000          /* 10 second */
#define MAX_READ_REGS 125
#define MAX_WRITE_REGS 125
#define MAX_RESPONSE_LENGTH 256
#define PRESET_QUERY_SIZE 256
/* errors */
#define PORT_ERROR -5

/*
CRC

INPUTS:
buf   ->Array containing message to be sent to controller.         
start ->Start of loop in crc counter, usually 0.
cnt   ->Amount of bytes in message being sent to controller/
OUTPUTS:
temp->Returns crc byte for message.
COMMENTS:
This routine calculates the crc high and low byte of a message.
Note that this crc is only used for Modbus, not Modbus+ etc.
****************************************************************************/

unsigned int crc(unsigned char *buf, int start, int cnt)
{
int i, j;
unsigned temp, temp2, flag;

temp = 0xFFFF;

for (i = start; i < cnt; i++) {
    temp = temp ^ buf;

    for (j = 1; j <= 8; j++) {
      flag = temp & 0x0001;
      temp = temp >> 1;
      if (flag)
      temp = temp ^ 0xA001;
    }
}

/* Reverse byte order. */

temp2 = temp >> 8;
temp = (temp << 8) | temp2;
temp &= 0xFFFF;

return (temp);
}


/***********************************************************************
*
*      The following functions construct the required query into
*      a modbus query packet.
*
***********************************************************************/

#define REQUEST_QUERY_SIZE 6   /* the following packets require          */
#define CHECKSUM_SIZE 2          /* 6 unsigned chars for the packet plus   */
/* 2 for the checksum.                  */

void build_request_packet(int slave, int function, int start_addr,
int count, unsigned char *packet)
{
packet = slave;
packet = function;
start_addr -= 1;
packet = start_addr >> 8;
packet = start_addr & 0x00ff;
packet = count >> 8;
packet = count & 0x00ff;

//below test only
//      packet =0x01;
//      packet = 0x03;
//      packet = 0;
//      packet = 0x48;
//      packet = 0;
//      packet = 0x02;
}

/*************************************************************************
*
* modbus_query( packet, length)
*
* Function to add a checksum to the end of a packet.
* Please note that the packet array must be at least 2 fields longer than
* string_length.
**************************************************************************/

void modbus_query(unsigned char *packet, size_t string_length)
{
int temp_crc;

temp_crc = crc(packet, 0, string_length);

packet = temp_crc >> 8;
packet = temp_crc & 0x00FF;
packet = 0;
}



/***********************************************************************
*
* send_query(query_string, query_length )
*
* Function to send a query out to a modbus slave.
************************************************************************/

int send_query(unsigned char *query, size_t string_length)
{

int i;

modbus_query(query, string_length);
string_length += 2;

for (i = 0; i < string_length; i++) {
    //                Serial.print(query, HEX); //Orginal
    Serial.write(query); //JingLi

}
/* without the following delay, the reading of the response might be wrong
   * apparently, */
delay(200);            /* FIXME: value to use? */

return i;         /* it does not mean that the write was succesful, though */
}


/***********************************************************************
*
*      receive_response( array_for_data )
*
* Function to monitor for the reply from the modbus slave.
* This function blocks for timeout seconds if there is no reply.
*
* Returns:   Total number of characters received.
***********************************************************************/

int receive_response(unsigned char *received_string)
{

int bytes_received = 0;
int i = 0;
/* wait for a response; this will block! */
while(Serial.available() == 0) {
    delay(1);
    if (i++ > TIMEOUT)
      return bytes_received;
}
delay(200);
/* FIXME: does Serial.available wait 1.5T or 3.5T before exiting the loop? */
while(Serial.available()) {
    received_string = Serial.read();
    //                Serial.print(bytes_received);                     //only test
    //                Serial.print("-");                              //only test
    //                Serial.println(received_string);//only test
    bytes_received++;
    if (bytes_received >= MAX_RESPONSE_LENGTH)
      return PORT_ERROR;
}   
//Serial.print("bytes_received=");
//Serial.println(bytes_received);
return (bytes_received);
}


/*********************************************************************
*
*      modbus_response( response_data_array, query_array )
*
* Function to the correct response is returned and that the checksum
* is correct.
*
* Returns:   string_length if OK
*         0 if failed
*         Less than 0 for exception errors
*
*      Note: All functions used for sending or receiving data via
*            modbus return these return values.
*
**********************************************************************/

int modbus_response(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *query)
{
int response_length;
int i;
unsigned int crc_calc = 0;
unsigned int crc_received = 0;
unsigned char recv_crc_hi;
unsigned char recv_crc_lo;

do {      // repeat if unexpected slave replied
    response_length = receive_response(data);
}
while ((response_length > 0) && (data != query));
//      for (i = 0; i0)
    raw_response_length -= 2;

if (raw_response_length > 0) {
    /* FIXME: data * 2 ???!!! data isn't already the byte count (number of registers * 2)?! */
    for (i = 0;
               i < (data * 2) && i < (raw_response_length / 2);
               i++) {

      /* shift reg hi_byte to temp */
      temp = data << 8;
      /* OR with lo_byte         */
      temp = temp | data;

      dest = temp;
    }
}
return (raw_response_length);
}


/***********************************************************************
*
*      preset_response
*
*      Gets the raw data from the input stream.
*
***********************************************************************/

int preset_response(unsigned char *query)
{
unsigned char data;
int raw_response_length;

raw_response_length = modbus_response(data, query);

return (raw_response_length);
}


/************************************************************************
*
*      read_holding_registers
*
*      Read the holding registers in a slave and put the data into
*      an array.
*
*************************************************************************/

int read_holding_registers(int slave, int start_addr, int count,
int *dest, int dest_size)
{
int function = 0x03;      /* Function: Read Holding Registers */
int ret;

unsigned char packet;

if (count > MAX_READ_REGS) {
    count = MAX_READ_REGS;
}

build_request_packet(slave, function, start_addr, count, packet);

if (send_query(packet, REQUEST_QUERY_SIZE) > -1) {
    ret = read_reg_response(dest, dest_size, packet);
}
else {

    ret = -1;
}

return (ret);
}


/************************************************************************
*
*      preset_multiple_registers
*
*      Write the data from an array into the holding registers of a
*      slave.
*
*************************************************************************/

int preset_multiple_registers(int slave, int start_addr,
int reg_count, int *data)
{
int function = 0x10;      /* Function 16: Write Multiple Registers */
int byte_count, i, packet_size = 6;
int ret;

unsigned char packet;

if (reg_count > MAX_WRITE_REGS) {
    reg_count = MAX_WRITE_REGS;
}

build_request_packet(slave, function, start_addr, reg_count, packet);
byte_count = reg_count * 2;
packet = (unsigned char)byte_count;

for (i = 0; i < reg_count; i++) {
    packet_size++;
    packet = data >> 8;
    packet_size++;
    packet = data & 0x00FF;
}

packet_size++;
if (send_query(packet, packet_size) > -1) {
    ret = preset_response(packet);
}
else {
    ret = -1;
}

return (ret);
}

6将电量可视化、数字化之后,你可以做很多的事情,自己琢磨吧~

Enjoy it~

binaimei2007 发表于 2013-9-1 09:57:06

挺好的,支持

liuzhen526 发表于 2013-11-26 09:58:43

mark 网络电表
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